Japan’s political landscape is witnessing a significant rightward shift under the leadership of Prime Minister Sanae Takaichi, a development posing new hurdles for its relationship with South Korea. This has sparked concerns that ongoing historical and territorial disputes might jeopardize recent efforts in diplomatic collaboration between the two nations. Both countries have been following a “two-track” strategy aimed at separating sensitive historical matters from areas needing enhanced cooperation, such as security and economic ties. Nevertheless, a recent evaluation from South Korea’s Institute for National Security Strategy suggests that Japan’s political volatility and conservative tilt could undermine diplomatic progress.
Recent tensions have been rekindled due to visits by Japanese politicians to the contentious Yasukuni Shrine and Japan reaffirming its territorial claim over the Dokdo islets—known as Takeshima in Japan—which are under South Korean control. In a move that drew attention, Prime Minister Takaichi refrained from visiting the shrine on the August 15 anniversary of Japan’s World War II surrender, opting instead to send a ritual offering. Despite this, several high-ranking Japanese officials did visit, sparking formal protests from South Korea.
South Korean President Lee Jae Myung has responded with a balanced stance, recognizing historical grievances while underscoring the importance of maintaining and enhancing collaboration with Japan. His approach aims to mitigate rising tensions while keeping the focus on areas of mutual interest and cooperation.
Analysts caution that without tangible progress, ongoing disputes over historical grievances, territorial claims, and wartime issues could undermine the “two-track” strategy. For both countries to sustain their diplomatic efforts, it is essential to expand practical cooperation and ensure these contentious issues do not overshadow the broader agenda.